Ukusetyenziswa kweempompo zokufunxa iringi yamanzi

1. Iintlobo ezisisiseko kunye neempawu.

Iimpompo zeringi zamanzi zinokwahlulwa zibe zezi ntlobo zilandelayo ngokwezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo.

■ Iimpompo zeringi zamanzi ezinenqanaba elinye: Inqanaba elinye lithetha ukuba kukho i-impeller enye kuphela, kwaye i-single-acting ithetha ukuba i-impeller ijikeleza kanye ngeveki, kwaye ukufunxa kunye nokuphuma kwenziwa kanye nganye.I-vacuum yokugqibela yale mpompo iphezulu, kodwa isantya sokumpompa kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kuphantsi.

■ Inqanaba elinye lenqanaba lempompo yamanzi esebenza kabini: Inqanaba elinye lithetha i-impeller enye kuphela, ukwenza kabini kuthetha ukuba iveki nganye i-impeller iyajikeleza, ukufunxa kunye nokuphuma kwenziwa kabini.Kwiimeko ezifanayo zesantya sokumpompa, impompo yeringi yamanzi esebenza kabini kunempompo yeringi yamanzi ebambeleyo inciphisa kakhulu ubukhulu kunye nobunzima.Njengoko igumbi lokusebenza lisasazwa ngokulinganayo kumacala omabini e-hub yepompo, umthwalo osebenza kwi-rotor uphuculwe.Isantya sokupompa solu hlobo lwempompo siphezulu kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kuphezulu, kodwa i-vacuum yokugqibela iphantsi.

■Iimpompo zamanzi ezijikeleza kabini: Iimpompo ezininzi zeringi zamanzi ezinenqanaba eliphindwe kabini ziimpompo ezisebenza into enye kuthotho.Ngokwenyani, zimbini-inqanaba elinye-obambeleyo impompo yamanzi umsesane impellers ukwabelana uqhagamshelo mandrel eqhelekileyo.Into ephambili yayo kukuba isenayo isantya esikhulu sokupompa kwinqanaba eliphezulu le-vacuum kunye nemeko yokusebenza ezinzileyo.

■ Impompo yeringi yamanzi e-atmospheric: Impompo yeringi yamanzi e-atmospheri eneneni iseti yeejeyitha ze-atmospheric kuthotho kunye nempompo yeringi yamanzi.Umpompo wamanzi ojikelezayo uxhunywe kwichungechunge kunye nepompo ye-atmospheric phambi kwepompo yamanzi ukuze kunyuke i-vacuum yokugqibela kunye nokwandisa uluhlu lokusetyenziswa kwempompo.

Iimpompo zeringi zamanzi zineenzuzo ezilandelayo xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeempompo zokucoca ngomatshini.

▪ Ulwakhiwo olulula, iimfuno ezisezantsi zokuchaneka kwemveliso, kulula ukusetyenzwa.Ukusebenza okulula kunye nokugcinwa lula.

▪ Ulwakhiwo olubambeneyo, impompo idla ngokudityaniswa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-motor kwaye ine-rpm ephezulu.Ngemilinganiselo yesakhiwo esincinci, umthamo omkhulu wokukhupha unokufumaneka.

▪ Akukho migangatho yesinyithi kumphezulu wempompo, akukho lubrication yempompo efunekayo.Ukutywinwa phakathi kweendawo ezijikelezayo kunye nezisisigxina zingenziwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutywinwa kwamanzi.

▪Utshintsho lobushushu begesi ecinezelweyo kwigumbi lokumpompa luncinci kakhulu kwaye lunokubonwa njengoxinzelelo lwe-isothermal, ngoko ke iigesi ezinokutsha neziqhumayo zinokumponthwa.

▪ Ukungabikho kwevalve yokukhupha neendawo zokukhuhlana kwenza ukuba impompo ikwazi ukususa iirhasi ezinothuli, iigesi ezicondensable kunye nemixube yerhasi yamanzi.

2 Ukungalungi kweempompo zeringi zamanzi.

▪ Ukusebenza okuphantsi, ngokubanzi malunga ne-30%, ngcono ukuya kuma-50%.

▪ Inqanaba elisezantsi levacuum.Oku akukhona nje ngenxa yemida yesakhiwo, kodwa okona kubaluleke kakhulu, ngoxinzelelo olusebenzayo lokugcwala komphunga.

Ngokubanzi, iimpompo zeringi zamanzi zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ngenxa yeenzuzo zazo ezibalaseleyo ezifana nokunyanzeliswa kwe-isothermal kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi njengolwelo lokutywinwa, ukubanakho ukumpompa iigesi ezinokutsha, eziqhumayo neziqhumayo, kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kokumpompa iigesi ezinothuli kunye nothuli. ukufuma.

3 Ukusetyenziswa kweempompo zokufunxa iringi yamanzi

Izicelo kushishino lwamandla: ukufuduswa kwecondenser, ukufunxa ivacuum, ukuchithwa kwerhasi yeflue, ukuthuthwa kothuthu lwempukane, umbhobho we-turbine seal exhaust, ivacuum exhaust, ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-geothermal.

Usetyenziso kushishino lwepetrochemical: ukubuyiswa kwerhasi, ukubuyiswa kwerhasi, ukonyuswa kwerhasi, ukongezwa kwe-oyile, ukuqokelelwa kwerhasi, ukuzinziswa kwe-oyile ekrwada, i-oyile ekrwada ivacuum distillation, ukucinezelwa kombhobho, ukonyuswa komphunga/ukunyusa igesi, ukuhluzwa/ukususwa kwewax, ukubuyiswa kwerhasi yomsila, ipolyester. imveliso, imveliso ye-PVC, ukupakishwa, ukunyanzeliswa kwegesi ejikelezayo, i-adsorption yoxinzelelo oluguquguqukayo (i-PSA), imveliso, ukunyanzeliswa kweegesi ezinokutsha kunye neziqhushumbisi ezifana ne-acetylene kunye ne-hydrogen, i-oyile ekrwada I-Vacuum systems phezulu kwiinqaba ekunciphiseni uxinzelelo lwe-distillation, i-vacuum crystallization kunye nokomisa. , ukuhluzwa kwevacuum, ukuhanjiswa kwevacuum yezinto ezahlukeneyo.

Usetyenziso kwishishini lokwenziwa kwemveliso: ukomisa (iitreyi, ukujikeleza, ukuwa, ukomisa i-conical kunye nomkhenkce), ukuveliswa kwakhona / ukomisa i-reactor, idistillation, i-degassing, icrystallization/umoya, ukuzaliswa ngokutsha kunye/okanye ukuhanjiswa kwezinto.

Ukusetyenziswa kwi-pulp kunye nemveliso yephepha: ukutshitshiswa kotywala obumnyama, i-washers ye-pulp erhabaxa, i-lime slurry kunye nezihluzo, izihluzi zentlenga, i-vacuum dewaterers, izinto ezikrwada kunye neenkqubo zokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi amhlophe, i-stock conditioning box compressors, iibhokisi zokufunxa, ii-couch rolls, iiroli zokufunxa kunye nokudluliselwa. rolls, vacuum presses, iibhokisi zokufunxa ilaphu loboya, iibhokisi zokungavutheli.

Ukusetyenziswa kushishino lweplastiki: i-extruder de-aeration, iitafile zokulinganisa (iprofayili), i-EPS yogwebu, ukomisa, iiyunithi zokuhambisa umoya, i-vinyl chloride yegesi yokutsalwa kunye noxinzelelo.

Usetyenziso kwishishini lezixhobo: ukucoca umphunga, izixhobo zokuphefumla, oomatrasi bomoya, iimpahla ezikhuselayo, izixhobo zamazinyo, iinkqubo zokufunxa ezisembindini.

Izicelo kwishishini lokusingqongileyo: ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-biogas, ukugcwaliswa kwamanzi amdaka, ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka / i-oxidation yetanki ye-sludge esebenzayo, i-fish pond ventilation, ukubuyiswa kwegesi yokuvelisa inkunkuma (i-biogas), ukubuyiswa kwe-biogas (i-biogas), oomatshini bokucocwa kwenkunkuma.

Ukusetyenziswa kwishishini lokutya kunye nesiselo: oomatshini bokucoca i-salmon, ukucoca amanzi amaminerali, i-oyile yesaladi kunye ne-fat deodorisation, iti kunye ne-spice sterilization, i-sausage kunye nokuveliswa kwe-ham, ukumanzisa kweemveliso zecuba, i-vacuum evaporators.

Ukufaka izicelo kushishino lokupakisha: iingxowa zokufaka umoya zokuzalisa iimpahla, ukuzisa iibhegi ezivulekileyo ngokufuduswa, ukuthutha izinto zokupakisha kunye neemveliso, ukuncamathelisa iilebhile kunye nezinto zokupakisha ngeglu, ukuphakamisa iibhokisi zekhadibhodi ngendlela ye-vacuum manipulators kunye nokuzihlanganisa, ukupakishwa kwevacuum kunye nokungena umoya. ukupakishwa (MAP), ukuveliswa kwesikhongozelo se-PET, ukomiswa kweepellet zeplastiki, ukuhanjiswa kweepellets zeplastiki, ukukhupha umoya we-extruders, ijethi yokubumba i-De-gassing kunye nokunyangwa kweendawo ezibunjiweyo zenaliti, ukomiswa kweenaliti ezibunjiweyo, ukuvuthela iibhotile, unyango lweplasma. ukuseta umqobo, ukuhanjiswa kwe-pneumatic yeebhotile, ukuzaliswa kunye nokuzaliswa, ukulebula, ukupakisha kunye nokubumba, ukuphinda kusetyenziswe.

Izicelo kwishishini lokulungisa iinkuni: ukubamba kunye nokubamba, ukomisa iinkuni, ukugcinwa kweenkuni, ukufakwa kwezigodo.

Izicelo kushishino lwaselwandle: umbhobho wecondenser, ukumpompa kwevacuum esembindini, iicompressor zomoya zoxinzelelo oluphantsi lwaselwandle, umbhobho we-turbine seal exhaust.

Izicelo ekuphatheni indawo: ukomisa imigangatho, ukukhuselwa kwe-corrosion yemigca yamanzi, iinkqubo zokucoca i-vacuum ephakathi.

Izicelo kwishishini le-metallurgical: i-steel de-aeration.

Izicelo kwishishini leswekile: ukulungiswa kwe-CO2, ukuhluzwa kokungcola, izicelo kwi-evaporators kunye ne-vacuum suction cups.

4 Amanqaku aphambili ekukhetheni

I. Ukumiselwa kohlobo lwempompo yokufunxa iringi yamanzi

Uhlobo lwempompo ye-vacuum ye-vacuum yamanzi igxininiseka ngokukodwa yi-pump medium medium, umthamo wegesi ofunekayo, i-vacuum degree okanye i-exhaust pressure.

II.Okwesibini, ipompo yokucoca i-vacuum yamanzi kufuneka ihlawule ingqalelo kumanqaku amabini emva kokusebenza okuqhelekileyo.

I-1, kangangoko kunokwenzeka, inqanaba le-vacuum yempompo yokucoca ekhethiweyo iyadingeka ukuba ibe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza kakuhle, oko kukuthi, ukusebenza kwindawo yenqanaba elifunekayo le-vacuum okanye uxinzelelo olufunekayo lokukhupha, ukuze uqinisekise ukuba impompo yokucoca inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo ngokwemiqathango efunekayo kunye neemfuno.Ukusebenza kufuphi nenqanaba eliphezulu le-vacuum okanye ubuninzi boxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwempompo yokufutha kufuneka kugwenywe.

Ukusebenza kule ndawo akwanelanga kuphela ngokugqithisileyo, kodwa kwakhona kuzinzile kwaye kulula ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo.Kwiimpompo ze-vacuum ezinezinga eliphezulu le-vacuum, elisebenza ngaphakathi kule ndawo, i-cavitation ivame ukwenzeka, ebonakala ngomsindo kunye nokunyakaza ngaphakathi kwempompo yokucoca.Ukugqithiswa kwe-cavitation kunokukhokelela kumonakalo kumzimba wempompo, i-impeller kunye nezinye izinto, ukwenzela ukuba i-vacuum pump ingasebenzi kakuhle.

Ingabonwa ukuba xa i-vacuum okanye uxinzelelo lwegesi olufunwa yimpompo ye-vacuum aluphezulu, ingqwalaselo ephambili inokunikezelwa kumpompo wenqanaba elinye.Ukuba imfuno yesidanga se-vacuum okanye uxinzelelo lwegesi luphezulu, impompo yenqanaba elinye kaninzi ayinako ukuhlangabezana nayo, okanye, imfuno yempompo isenomthamo omkhulu wegesi kwimeko yeqondo eliphezulu le-vacuum, oko kukuthi, imfuneko yegophe lokusebenza. ithambile kwiqondo eliphezulu le-vacuum, impompo enamanqanaba amabini inokukhethwa.Ukuba imfuno yokufunxa ingaphezulu kwe-710mmHg, iyunithi yokufunxa yeringi yamanzi eRoots ingasetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokumpompa ufumfu.

2, Khetha ngokuchanekileyo impompo yokufunxa ngokomthamo ofunekayo wokumpompa inkqubo

Ukuba uhlobo lwempompo ye-vacuum okanye i-vacuum unit ikhethiwe, imodeli echanekileyo kufuneka ikhethwe ngokuhambelana nomthamo ofunekayo wokupompa wenkqubo.

Iimpawu zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeempompo ze-vacuum zamanzi zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo.