1. Yintoni impompo?
A: Impompo ngumatshini oguqula amandla omatshini we-prime mover ibe ngamandla okumpompa ulwelo.
2. Yintoni amandla?
A: Ubungakanani bomsebenzi owenziweyo ngeyunithi yexesha ubizwa ngokuba ngamandla.
3. Yintoni amandla asebenzayo?
Ukongeza kwilahleko yamandla kunye nokusetyenziswa komtshini ngokwawo, amandla okwenene afunyenwe ngulwelo ngepompo ngexesha leyunithi libizwa ngokuba amandla asebenzayo.
4. Yintoni amandla eshaft?
A: Amandla adluliselwe kwi-motor ukuya kwi-shaft yepompo ibizwa ngokuba yi-shaft power.
5.Kutheni kuthiwa amandla ahanjiswa yi-motor kwimpompo ahlala emkhulu kunamandla asebenzayo ompompo?
A: I-1) Xa umpompo we-centrifugal usebenza, inxalenye yoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-high-pressure liquide kwimpompo iya kubuyela kwi-inlet yempompo, okanye ide ikhuphe ngaphandle kwempompo, ngoko inxalenye yamandla kufuneka ilahleke;
2) Xa i-liquid ihamba nge-impeller kunye ne-casing yempompo, utshintsho lwendlela yokuhamba kunye nesantya, kunye nokungqubuzana phakathi kwamanzi kudla inxalenye yamandla;
I-3) I-friction yomatshini phakathi kwe-pump shaft kunye ne-bearing kunye ne-shaft seal nayo idla amandla athile;ngoko ke, amandla ahanjiswa yi-motor kwi-shaft ahlala emkhulu kunamandla asebenzayo e-shaft.
6. Yintoni ukusebenza kakuhle kwempompo?
A: Umlinganiselo wamandla asebenzayo wempompo ukuya kumandla we-shaft kukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kwempompo.
7. Yintoni isantya sokuhamba kwempompo?Luluphi uphawu olusetyenziselwa ukumela?
A: Ukuqukuqela kubhekisa kumthamo wolwelo (umthamo okanye ubunzima) oqukuqela kwindawo ethile yombhobho ngexesha leyunithi.Isantya sokuhamba kwempompo siboniswa ngu "Q".
8. Yintoni ukunyuswa kwempompo?Luluphi uphawu olusetyenziselwa ukumela?
A: Ukuphakamisa kubhekiselele ekunyusweni kwamandla afunyenwe ngolwelo ngeyunithi yobunzima.Ukunyuswa kwempompo kubonakaliswa ngu "H".
9. Ziziphi iimpawu zeempompo zekhemikhali?
A: 1) Iyakwazi ukulungelelanisa neemfuno zobuchwepheshe beekhemikhali;
2) Ukumelana nokubola;
3) Ukushisa okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokushisa okuphantsi;
4) Ukumelana nokunxiba kunye nokukhukuliseka;
5) Ukusebenza okuthembekileyo;
6) Akukho kuvuza okanye ukuvuza okuncinci;
7) Ukukwazi ukuthutha ulwelo kwimeko enzima;
I-8) Inokusebenza kwe-anti-cavitation.
10. Iimpompo zomatshini ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo zihlulwe kwiindidi ezininzi ngokwemigaqo yazo yokusebenza?
A: 1) Impompo yeVane.Xa ishafti yempompo ijikeleza, iqhuba iiblades ezahlukeneyo ze-impeller ukunika ulwelo amandla e-centrifugal okanye amandla e-axial, kwaye ithuthe ulwelo ukuya kumbhobho okanye isikhongozeli, esifana nempompo ye-centrifugal, impompo yokuskrola, impompo yokuqukuqela exutyiweyo, impompo ye-axial flow.
I-2) Impompo yokufuduka efanelekileyo.Iipompo ezisebenzisa utshintsho oluqhubekayo kumthamo wangaphakathi we-cylinder yepompo ukuthutha ulwelo, njengeempompo ezibuyiselayo, iimpompo zepiston, iimpompo zegesi, kunye neepompo ze-screw;
3) Ezinye iintlobo zeempompo.Ezinje ngeempompo ze-electromagnetic ezisebenzisa i-electromagnetic ukuthutha iiconductors zombane ezingamanzi;iimpompo ezisebenzisa amandla alwelo ukuthutha ulwelo, njengeempompo zejethi, iziphakamisi zomoya, njl.
11. Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe phambi kokugcinwa kwempompo yeekhemikhali?
A: 1) Ngaphambi kokugcinwa koomatshini kunye nezixhobo, kuyimfuneko ukumisa umatshini, ukupholisa, ukukhulula uxinzelelo, kunye nokunqumla umbane;
2) Oomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezinokutsha, eziqhumayo, ezinobuthi kunye neendaba ezitshabalalisayo kufuneka zicocwe, zingathathi hlangothi, kwaye zitshintshwe emva kokupasa uhlalutyo kunye novavanyo ngaphambi kokuba ulondolozo luqale;
3) Ukuhlola kunye nokugcinwa kwezinto ezinokutsha, eziqhumayo, eziyityhefu, izixhobo ezidliwayo okanye izixhobo zomphunga, oomatshini, kunye nemibhobho, indawo yokuphuma kwezinto kunye neevalvu zokungena kufuneka zinqunyulwe kwaye iipleyiti ezingaboniyo kufuneka zongezwe.
12. Zeziphi iimeko zenkqubo ekufuneka zibekho ngaphambi kokuba kulungiswe impompo yeekhemikhali?
A: 1) ukumisa;2) ukupholisa;3) ukunciphisa uxinzelelo;4) ukukhupha amandla;5) ukufuduka.
13. Yeyiphi imigaqo-siseko yokuqhawula oomatshini ngokubanzi?
A: Phantsi kweemeko eziqhelekileyo, kufuneka ihlulwe ngokulandelelana ukusuka ngaphandle ukuya ngaphakathi, kuqala phezulu kwaye emva koko, kwaye uzame ukukhupha onke amalungu ngokubanzi.
14. Ziziphi iilahleko zamandla kwimpompo ye-centrifugal?
A: Kukho iintlobo ezintathu zelahleko: ukulahleka kwe-hydraulic, ukulahleka kwevolumu, kunye nokulahleka komatshini
I-1) Ukulahleka kwe-Hydraulic: Xa umbane ugeleza kumzimba wempompo, ukuba indlela yokuhamba ihamba kakuhle, ukuchasana kuya kuba kuncinci;ukuba indlela yokuhamba ibuhlungu, ukuchasana kuya kuba kukhulu.ilahleko.Ezi lahleko zimbini zingasentla zibizwa ngokuba ziilahleko zehydraulic.
2) Ukulahleka kwevolumu: i-impeller iyajikeleza, kwaye umzimba wempompo umile.Inxalenye encinci yolwelo kwi-gap phakathi kwe-impeller kunye nomzimba wempompo ubuyela kwi-inlet ye-impeller;ukongeza, inxalenye yolwelo iqukuqela umva isuka kumngxunya webhalansi ukuya kwindawo ye-impeller, okanye Ukuvuza ukusuka kwitywina leshaft.Ukuba yimpompo enezigaba ezininzi, inxalenye yayo nayo iya kuvuza kwi-balance plate.Ezi lahleko zibizwa ngokuba yi-volume loss;
3) Ukulahleka komatshini: xa i-shaft ijikeleza, iya kuxubha ngokuchasene neebheringi, ukupakisha, njl njl. Xa i-impeller ijikeleza emzimbeni wempompo, iiplati zokugubungela zangaphambili nasemva ze-impeller ziya kuba ne-friction kunye nolwelo, oluya kudla inxalenye ye-impeller. amandla.Ezi lahleko ezibangelwa kukukhuhlana komatshini ziya kuhlala ziyilahleko yoomatshini.
15.Kwimveliso yokuvelisa, yintoni isiseko sokufumana ibhalansi ye-rotor?
A: Ngokuxhomekeke kwinani leenguqu kunye nezakhiwo, ukulinganisa okumileyo okanye ukulinganisa okuguquguqukayo kunokusetyenziswa.Ibhalansi engatshintshiyo yomzimba ojikelezayo ingasonjululwa ngendlela yebhalansi emileyo.Ibhalansi ye-static inokulinganisela kuphela ukungalingani kweziko elijikelezayo lobunzima (oko kukuthi, ukuphelisa umzuzu), kodwa ayikwazi ukuphelisa isibini esingalinganiyo.Ke ngoko, ibhalansi engatshintshiyo ilungele kuphela imizimba ejikelezayo emile okwediski ene-diameter encinci.Kwimizimba ejikelezayo enobubanzi obukhulu kakhulu, iingxaki zebhalansi eguqukayo zihlala zixhaphakile kwaye zivelela, ngoko ke kuyafuneka inkqubo yolungelelwaniso oluguqukayo.
16. Yintoni ukulingana?Zingaphi iintlobo zolungelelaniso ezikhoyo?
A: 1) Ukupheliswa kokungalungelelani kwiindawo ezijikelezayo okanye kumacandelo kubizwa ngokuba yi-bancing.
I-2) Ukulinganisa kunokwahlulwa kwiintlobo ezimbini: ukulinganisa okumileyo kunye nokulinganisa okuguquguqukayo.
17. Yintoni iStatic Balance?
A: Kwisixhobo esithile esikhethekileyo, indawo yangaphambili yecandelo elijikelezayo elingalinganiyo lingalinganiswa ngaphandle kokujikeleza, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo, isikhundla kunye nobukhulu bomlinganiselo wokulinganisela kufuneka bongezwe.Le ndlela yokufumana ibhalansi ibizwa ngokuba yi-static balance.
18. Yintoni ibhalansi eguqukayo?
IMPENDULO: Xa iinxalenye zijikeleziswa ngamalungu, hayi kuphela amandla e-centrifugal aveliswa bubunzima obucandekileyo kufuneka alungelelaniswe, kodwa kwakhona ibhalansi yomzuzu wesibini owenziwe ngamandla e-centrifugal ibizwa ngokuba yi-dynamic balance.I-Dynamic balancing ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziselwa iinxalenye ezinesantya esiphezulu, idiameter enkulu, kunye neemfuneko ezingqongqo ezichanekileyo zokusebenza, kunye nokulinganisa okuchanekileyo okuchanekileyo kufuneka kwenziwe.
19. Umeta njani ulungelelwaniso olucalanye lwamalungu alungeleleneyo xa usenza ulungelelwaniso olungatshintshiyo lwamalungu ajikelezayo?
A: Okokuqala, vumela inxalenye elungeleleneyo iqengqeleke ngokukhululekileyo kwisixhobo sokulinganisa amaxesha amaninzi.Ukuba ujikelezo lokugqibela luhamba nge-clockwise, i-center of gravity yenxalenye kufuneka ibe kwicala lasekunene lomgca weziko elithe nkqo (ngenxa yokuchasana nokuxhatshazwa).Yenza uphawu ngetshokhwe emhlophe kwindawo, uze uvumele inxalenye iqengqeleke ngokukhululekileyo.Umqulu wokugqibela ugqitywe kwicala elichasene newotshi, emva koko umbindi womxhuzulane wenxalenye elungeleleneyo kufuneka ube kwicala lasekhohlo lomgca othe nkqo kwiziko, uze wenze uphawu ngetshokhwe emhlophe, emva koko Umbindi womxhuzulane weerekhodi ezimbini. i-azimuth.
20. Indlela yokumisela ubungakanani bobunzima bokulinganisa xa usenza ibhalansi ye-static yamacandelo ajikelezayo?
A: Kuqala, jija ulungelelwaniso olucalanye lwendawo kwindawo ethe tye, kwaye wongeze ubunzima obufanelekileyo kwesona sangqa sikhulu kwindawo echaseneyo ye-symmetrical.Oku kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo xa ukhetha ubunzima obufanelekileyo, nokuba bunokulinganiswa kwaye buncitshiswe kwixesha elizayo, kwaye emva kokuba ubunzima obufanelekileyo bufakwe, bugcina indawo ethe tye okanye ujingi kancinane, kwaye emva koko uguqule inxalenye ye-180 degrees ukwenza. it Gcina indawo ethe tye, phinda izihlandlo ezininzi, emva kokuba ubunzima obufanelekileyo buzimisele ukuhlala ungatshintshi, thabatha ubunzima obufanelekileyo kwaye ulinganise, omisela ubunzima bobunzima bokulinganisela.
21. Ziziphi iintlobo ze-rotor mechanical unbalance?
A: Ukungalungelelani okumileyo, ukungalungelelani okuguquguqukayo kunye nokungalungelelani okuxutyiweyo.
22. Ukulinganisa ukugoba kwempompo yempompo?
A: Emva kokuba i-shaft igobile, iya kubangela ukungalingani kwe-rotor kunye nokugqoka kwamacandelo ashukumisayo kunye ne-static.Beka i-bearing encinci kwi-V-shaped iron, kunye ne-bearing enkulu kwi-bracket roller.Intsimbi ene-V okanye i-bracket kufuneka ibekwe ngokuqinileyo, kwaye emva koko isalathisi sokudayela Kwinkxaso, i-surface stem ikhomba kumbindi we-shaft, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ujikeleze i-shaft yepompo.Ukuba kukho ukugoba, kuya kubakho ubuninzi kunye nobuncinci bokufunda kwe-micrometer kwi-revolution nganye.Umahluko phakathi kokufunda okubini ubonisa ubuninzi be-radial runout yokugoba kweshaft, ekwabizwa ngokuba kukungcangcazela.Chitha.Iqondo lokugoba le-shaft sisiqingatha seqondo lokugungqa.Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphuma kwe-radial ye-shaft ayikho ngaphezu kwe-0.05mm embindini kunye nangaphezulu kwe-0.02mm kuzo zombini iziphelo.
23. Zeziphi ezi ntlobo zintathu zokungcangcazela koomatshini?
A: 1) Ngokubhekiselele kwisakhiwo: kubangelwa iziphene zoyilo lokuvelisa;
I-2) Ukufakela: ngokuyininzi kubangelwa yindibano engafanelekanga kunye nokugcinwa;
3) Ngokumalunga nokusebenza: ngenxa yokusebenza okungafanelekanga, umonakalo womatshini okanye ukugqoka ngokugqithiseleyo.
24. Kutheni kuthiwa ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-rotor kuyimbangela ebalulekileyo yokunyakaza okungaqhelekanga kwe-rotor kunye nomonakalo wokuqala kwi-bearing?
A: Ngenxa yempembelelo yezinto ezifana neempazamo zofakelo kunye nokuveliswa kwe-rotor, ukuguqulwa emva kokulayisha, kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu bendalo phakathi kwee-rotors, kunokubangela ulungelelwaniso olubi.Inkqubo ye-shaft kunye nokulungelelaniswa okungahambi kakuhle kwee-rotors kunokubangela utshintsho kumandla okudibanisa.Ukutshintsha indawo yokwenene yokusebenza kwijenali ye-rotor kunye nokuthwala akutshintshi nje kuphela isimo sokusebenza sokuthwala, kodwa kunciphisa ukujikeleza kwendalo kwenkqubo ye-rotor shaft.Ngoko ke, ukungahambi kakuhle kwe-rotor kuyimbangela ebalulekileyo yokunyakaza okungaqhelekanga kwe-rotor kunye nomonakalo wokuqala kwi-bearing.
25. Yeyiphi imigangatho yokulinganisa kunye nokuphonononga ijenali ye-ovality kunye ne-taper?
A: I-ellipticity kunye ne-taper ye-sliding bearing shaft diameter kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zobuchwepheshe, kwaye ngokubanzi akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwewaka le-diameter.I-ellipticity kunye ne-taper ye-shaft ye-diameter ye-rolling bearing ayikho ngaphezu kwe-0.05mm.
26. Yintoni ekufuneka ihlawulwe ingqalelo xa uhlanganisa iimpompo zekhemikhali?
A: 1) Ingaba i-shaft yepompo igobile okanye ikhubazekile;
2) Ingaba ibhalansi ye-rotor ihlangabezana nomgangatho;
3) Isithuba phakathi kwe-impeller kunye ne-casing pump;
4) Ingaba isixa soxinzelelo sembuyekezo yesithinteli somatshini wokutywina uyahlangabezana neemfuno;
5) Ukugxila kwi-rotor yepompo kunye ne-volute;
6) Ingaba umgca ophakathi wempompo ye-impeller flow channel kunye nomgca ophakathi we-volute flow channel ihambelana;
7) Lungisa i-gap phakathi kwe-bearing and the end cover;
8) Ukulungiswa kwe-Gap yecandelo lokutywinwa;
9) Ingaba indibano yemoto yothumelo lwemoto kunye nokuguquguquka (ukwandisa, ukuhla) i-speed reducer ihlangabezana nemigangatho;
10) Ukulungelelaniswa kwe-coaxiality yokudibanisa;
11) Ingaba umsantsa weringi womlomo udibana nomgangatho;
I-12) Ingaba amandla okuqinisa amabholithi okudibanisa inxalenye nganye afanelekile.
27. Yintoni injongo yokugcinwa kwempompo?Ziziphi izinto ezifunekayo?
A: Injongo: Ngokugcinwa kompompo womatshini, susa iingxaki ezikhoyo emva kwexesha elide lokusebenza.
Iimfuno zezi zilandelayo:
1) Ukuphelisa kunye nokulungelelanisa izikhewu ezinkulu kwimpompo ngenxa yokugqoka kunye nokubola;
2) Ukuphelisa ukungcola, ukungcola kunye nokugqwala kwimpompo;
3) Lungisa okanye utshintshe iindawo ezingafanelekanga okanye ezineziphene;
4) Uvavanyo lwe-rotor balance lufanelekile;5) I-coaxiality phakathi kwempompo kunye nomqhubi ihlolwe kwaye idibana nomgangatho;
6) Uvavanyo oluqhutywayo lufanelekile, idatha igqityiwe, kwaye iimfuno zenkqubo yokuvelisa zidibene.
28. Sisiphi isizathu sokusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokugqithisileyo kwempompo?
A: 1) Intloko epheleleyo ayihambelani nentloko yempompo;
2) Ubuninzi kunye ne-viscosity ye-medium ayihambelani noyilo lwangaphambili;
3) I-shaft yepompo ayihambelani okanye igobile kunye ne-axis ye-prime mover;
4) Kukho ukungqubuzana phakathi kwendawo ejikelezayo kunye nenxalenye esisigxina;
5) I-impeller ring igugile;
6) Ukufakwa okungafanelekanga kwesitywina okanye ukutywinwa komatshini.
29. Ziziphi izizathu zokungalingani kwe-rotor?
A: 1) Iimpazamo zokuvelisa: ukuxinana kwezinto eziphathekayo, ukungahambi kakuhle, ukungabikho kokujikeleza, unyango olungalinganiyo lobushushu;
2) Indibano engafanelekanga: umgca ophakathi wecandelo lendibano awukho i-coaxial kunye ne-axis;
3) I-rotor ikhubazekile: ukunxiba akulingani, kwaye i-shaft ikhubazekile phantsi kokusebenza kunye nokushisa.
30. Yintoni i-rotor eguquguqukayo engalinganiyo?
A: Kukho ii-rotors ezilinganayo ngobukhulu kunye nezichasanayo kwicala, kwaye iinqununu zazo ezingalinganiyo zihlanganiswe zibe zizibini zamandla angabikho kumgca ochanekileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jan-05-2023